The 9 Most Racist Disney Characters
These old Disney movies are a little bit like your aging Uncle Frank. Honestly, he means well when he points out that Will Smith is "well-spoken." It's just that he, like the assemblage of clips below, dates from a time when people were unfairly characterized by their ethnic background (the acceptable methods are, of course, religion, geography, sexual preference and income).
The opening musical sequence from the hugely popular 1992 animated film had to be edited due to protest from Arab-American groups for saying about the Middle East what most of us were merely thinking.
Lesson Learned:
The Middle East is a barren wasteland where the justice system runs on a clear and simple limb-removal policy.
Best (Worst?) Moment:
"Where they cut off your ear if they don't like your face" is the offending line, which was changed on the DVD to the much less provocative "Where it's flat and immense and the heat is intense." Whatever. Our question: In a city full of Arabic men and women, where the hell does a midwestern-accented, white piece of cornbread like Aladdin come from? Here he is next to the more, um, ethnic looking villain, Jafar.
In this 1989 film, a Jamaican-sounding crab teaches Ariel that life is better "Under the Sea," because underwater you don't have to get a job.
Lesson Learned:
Up on the shore they work all day
Out in the sun they slave away
While we devotin'
Full time to floatin'
Under the sea!
Are we reading too much into it? Do you see anything wrong with how they've drawn "the duke of soul" at 1:57?
Still too subtle? How about at 2:01 when the "blackfish" appears?
Best (Worst?) Moment:
As far as Disney movies go, you've got two choices: unforgivably offensive and just slightly racially insensitive. Sebastian definitely falls into the latter category. So while making Sebastian a charming, party-loving stereotype is a baby step forward for Disney, it's still a stumble backwards for civil rights.
In this 1941 classic, Dumbo the flying elephant runs into a band of jive-talking black crows who sing, "I'd be done see'n about everything/when I see an elephant fly!"
Lesson Learned:
Come on, blackbirds acting in a manner stereotypically assigned to African-Americans isn't that offensive. At least they didn't just get some white guy to do his best "black voice." Oh, really? They did? And, they called the lead character "Jim Crow?" Um, hey, look over there! It's a convincing, logical end to this argument!
Best (Worst?) Moment:
So many too choose from. The crows are very specifically depicted as poor and uneducated. They're constantly smoking; they wear pimptastic hats; and they're experts on all things "fly," so it's really a team effort contributing to the general minstrel-show feel to the whole number. You could pretty much pause this video at any second and use it as evidence in your hate-crime lawsuit against Disney.
For its time, though, the portrayal of the crows was almost progressive. The crows band together and help Dumbo learn to fly, so they're counted among the heroes of the film. Remember, this was just a couple of years after somebody introduced a bill to outlaw lynching and congress voted it down. So, you know, you take what you can get.
Having outgrown the crude portrayal of African-Americans as black crows, in 1967 Disney decides to portray them as monkeys instead.
Lesson Learned:
All animals in the jungle speak in proper British accents. Except, of course, for the jive-talking, gibberish-spouting monkeys. Did we mention they desperately want to become "real people?"
Best (Worst?) Moment:
Fine, so an ape singing, "I wanna be like you" might be a little subtle, in a "we own multiple copies of Catcher in the Rye" conspiracy theory kind of way. Still, considering the author of the The Jungle Book also thought up "the white man's burden", we don't think it's too much of a stretch.
Overt racism against African-Americans was obviously intolerable by the time this Chip n' Dale series began in 1989. Overt racism against Asians, luckily, was still on the table.
Lesson Learned:
Even as criminals, Asian-Americans immigrants, represented here by a gang of cats, have become integral parts of American culture. Kidding! They own a laundromat, run an illegal, basement gambling operation and speak in horribly mangled "Engrish." It's like a designer of World War II propaganda posters accidentally quantum leaped into the body of a late '80s cartoon writer.
The video becomes cringe-worthy about six minutes in:
Best (Worst?) Moment:
The Siamese Cats sell their karate expert Juice Lee, a Japanese fighting fish, for a suitcase full of dead fish. If you can't find something offensive in that sentence, congratulations. You're a cyborg.
Of all the items on this list, this is the one Disney has tried the hardest to make us forget.
Lesson Learned:
Even in Fantasia's beautiful, magical landscape, African centaurs are hoof-polishing handmaidens for prettier, Aryan centaurs. Also, 1940 was a great year to be a centaur fetishist and/or Don Imus.
Best (Worst?) Moment:
It was insulting enough for Disney to include the smiling servant stereotype to begin with, but, to make matters worse, they started categorically denying Sunflower's existence with the Fantasia re-release in 1960. How does that possibly make things better? "No, you misunderstand. In our perfect, Fantasia world, Africans aren't servants. They don't fucking exist."
In this charming musical number, the "Red Man" explains his people's history and culture.
Lesson Learned:
Why do Native Americans ask you "how?" According to the song, it's because the Native American always thirsts for knowledge. OK, that's not so bad, we guess. What gives the Native Americans their distinctive coloring? The song says a long time ago, a Native American blushed red when he kissed a girl, and, as science dictates, it's been part of their race's genetic make up since. You see, there had to be some kind of event to change their skin from the normal, human color of "white."
Best (Worst?) Moment:
It's a tie between Tiger Lilly's traditional Native American hussy dance, and the number of times Native American's misogynistic tendencies are played for laughs (hint: It's more than three!)
The tales of Br'er Rabbit are relayed by kindly old Uncle Remus, a black man happily working on a plantation in the post-Civil War South. Disney has never released this one on home video, for some reason.
Lesson Learned:
The late 1800s were a great time to be African-American and possibly on acid.
Best (Worst?) Moment:
Less eerie than any imaginary singing birds is what's not in the film. It's as if someone made a children's musical about Jews in post-World War II Germany that had a number titled "Hey! Nothing Bad Has Happened to Us, Ever." Also failing to reach the screen: When the movie had its world premiere in 1946 in Atlanta, James Baskett, the actor who played Remus, was not allowed to attend. Zip-a-dee-doo-dah!
Lesson Learned:
"What's the deal with Africans? If they're not trying to eat it or throw a spear at it, they're worshiping it as a some sort of tribal deity, am I right?"
Best (Worst?) Moment:
Where to begin? The book compiles almost every offensive preconception of Africa lurking in the American subconscious.
Some choice quotes:
"Well, well." Mickey laughed ... "So I'm supposed to be your governess and nursemaid, and you can't even talk!""Let me see. A genuine African native," Mickey murmured. "Perhaps I should start showing him off."
Perhaps the most depressing part is that this was somebody's idea of tolerance, back in the ideallic '40s:
"Poor little guy! He just makes mistakes. He doesn't know any better. I'll just have to be patient and teach him the right way to do things," said Mickey.
You may also enjoy Ben Joseph's 10 Most Ridiculous Overseas Rip-Offs of American Films.
I found this post very interesting. All of us have grown up watching disney movies and many of us have dressed up these same characters and even repeatedly sang along with the popular songs. Yet, how many of us have really watched these movies and noticed these racist slurs and stereotypes? I for one haven't.
ReplyDeleteMost of us watch movies solely for entertainment, however studies have shown that we are directly influenced by our media choices.
This is hard to read and it is amazing to think how disney has gotten away with this type of racism for so long. Whether we agree with it or not, it is still happening. For example, many characters within the newest Disney movie, The Princess and the Frog, are stereotyped and categorized into different levels based on class and race.
Knowing that makes me wonder how many other television shows and movies are constantly bombarding us with this type of racial stereotypes!? Can you think of any?
Not to excuse Disney, but even though the Princess and the Frog has been accused of being derogative, in some senses, it has improved...an actual Disney princess is black for once!
ReplyDeleteAnd, sometimes, discrimination can be used effectively to help better causes. During WW2 Disney and other animation companies put out war propaganda that was detrimental to views of Germans...but the result was to stir up the people to a just cause--that of defeating the Axis powers, headed by the Nazis.
I'm not excusing racially defaming animation, but Disney has made progress...
Really? Sebastian from The Little Mermaid? I think people are reading way too much into this stuff. Who watches movies like The Little Mermaid and criticizes it because the crab has a Jamaican accent and sings about life underwater? I really doubt Disney meant to disciminate against specific groups of people.
ReplyDeleteI agree that there are certain stereotypes that Disney may have used, but ultimately this is purely for entertainment. Who doesn't like Sebastian, Jafar, and all of the other "racist" Disney characters? This post doesn't change my opinion of Disney at all. My feelings are that Disney promotes diversity and celebrates cultures from all around the world. Epcot at Disneyworld is proof of this.
If Disney were guilty of racist views, people would not watch or support its movies.
While I think people can be extreme in analyzing media for unjust and insensitive stereotypes and messages, I think that historically, the problem is precisely that we HAVEN'T read ENOUGH into "this stuff." Yes, some of these examples are stronger than others, but I think each is a snapshot of attitudes and behaviors that were once considered acceptable, but were derogatory and hurtful to minority groups. It is by examining the underlying (and blatant) assumptions and stereotypes in the world around us that we can move toward being more inclusive and understanding of others. Yes, Disney (and our society) has improved on some fronts, but there is still much progress to be made in understanding how the images, attitudes, and stereotypes we promote affect and are interpreted by people in minority groups based on race, ethnicity, gender, class, ability, sexual orientation, and age.
ReplyDeleteNo one can deny that many of these movies presented extremely racial stereotypes. However, these movies were made in a completely different time and mindset than today. We know these things are wrong now, but our grandparents and great-grandparents still hold some of these views because that's how they were taught.
ReplyDeleteWith The Princess and the Frog, however, some of the characters were extremely stereotypical and in some ways, very offensive. Although,The princess did present a put-together girl and a strong model.
America is never going to be perfect, but there has been some progress, seeing that there is an Asian, Arabic, and black princess now.
Even the creators at Disney are people, and all people have stereotypes of other cultures. I watched a show on Discovery many years ago about not only the racism in Disney movies, but the inappropriate scenes and little things that have been thrown into movies. As a kid watching these movies I never picked up on the racism in them; I just enjoyed my Disney movies. All movies have stereotypes, racism, and other inappropriate things, but I think the big deal here is that these movies are primarily for children. Children are learning and developing, and if we ever want to change racism in this country we should do our best to teach our kids that it is wrong. Though I do think that we have come a long way, and someday we may actually get there.
ReplyDeleteI am very surprised of all the things that Disney has done. I must agree with a previous comment. When we were little we did not really pick up all these racist things. However, these kind of things are what make us grow with ridiculous ideas. Even thought, we did not get them when we were younger, I think it still causes a big effect because we grow believing those things as right and accurate. The two most shocking videos to me were the one with the centaur and the Aladdin’s song. I think it is our responsibility to see what our children watch on TV, and explain to them a more constructive opinion about the matter.
ReplyDelete